Having an oscilloscope helps, but it is not strictly mandatory. Most of the tutorials can be done at home, with no instrumentation. Microchip® PIC series), you’ll find moving to STM32 very easy this way. If you have previous experience with other 8-bit MCU devices (e.g. In addition, I'm pretty sure that these tutorials will not suffer software fashions, and will still be up-to-date in 10 years from now (as long as ST silicon doesn’t change). I just believe that a good understanding of hardware mechanisms will make you a better user of hardware abstraction layers in the future. ) it's really hard to overcome their use. High-Level libraries are not evil, and for some advanced peripherals (USB, Ethernet. Be prepared to dive into STM32 documentation and peripheral registers. Control and digital signal processing are also on the menu.Ĭode examples are 100% fat free from High-Level libraries such as HAL, or any other. Take a look at #5.1 for instance, and you will understand what I mean. The chosen approach is as close as possible to the MCU hardware.Īlthough these are primarily STM32 tutorials, you'll find much more than just STM32 things. Topics such as clock settings, interruptions and DMA behavior are also addressed. From the IDE setup, to the basic usage of several standard peripherals (GPIO, USART, ADC, DAC, RTC, Watchdog) and more. Tutorials cover everything you need to get started with STM32 development. I'm just a fraud :-)įor newcomers, tutorials should be done in the proposed order as concepts are introduced incrementally. You may also disagree with several aspects of the proposed approaches (both in terms of tools, project organization, coding style, …). ) you may find that STM32 specific information is somehow scattered within a larger amount of general MCU programing considerations. If you have previous experience with some other devices (Microchip, Intel, Atmel. Tutorials have been written as teaching materials for absolute newbies in the field of MCU programing, considering STM32 as a first experience in embedded software development. The only exception is Percepio® Tracealyzer, which is not absolutely necessary, yet a great debug tool you'll meet in the FreeRTOS tutorial section. Most involved software is free and available across all platforms (Windows, Linux, Mac). Tutorials are written for Windows and tested on a Windows 10 platform. You can use the interactive tool below to test this yourself.This section introduces a series of tutorials to get familiar with STM32 microcontroller architecture and programming. On the other hand, a PWM with a resolution of 8 bits will have 256 discrete levels for the duty cycle over the entire range (from 0% up to 100%). The higher the PWM resolution, the higher number of discrete levels over the entire range of the PWM’s duty cycle.Ī PWM resolution of only 3 bits means there are only 8 discrete levels for the duty cycle over the entire range (from 0% up to 100%). The PWM resolution can be as the number of discrete duty cycle levels between 0% and 100%. It’s the number of bits that are used to represent the duty cycle value. The PWM resolution is expressed in (bits). That’s why we typically change the duty cycle to control things like LED brightness, DC motor speed, etc. And it directly affects the PWM’s total (average) voltage that most devices respond to. The duty cycle is usually expressed as a percentage ( %) value because it’s a ratio between two-time quantities. The PWM’s duty cycle equation is as follows: It’s a measure of how long the PWM signal stays ON relative to the full PWM’s cycle period. The PWM’s duty cycle is the most important feature that we’re always interested in. Here is how it looks graphically and its mathematical formula. The frequency is measured in Hz and it’s the inverse of the full period time interval. The first of which is the frequency, which is basically a measure of how fast the PWM signal keeps alternating between HIGH and LOW. This technique is widely used in embedded systems to control LEDs brightness, motor speed, and other applications. Certain loads like (LEDs, Motors, etc) will respond to the average voltage of the signal which gets higher as the PWM signal’s pulse width is increased. Pulse Width Modulation ( PWM) is a technique for generating a continuous HIGH/LOW alternating digital signal and programmatically controlling its pulse width and frequency. And without further ado, let’s get right into it! Previous Tutorial Tutorial 16 Next Tutorial STM32 PWM Example – STM32 Timer PWM Mode & LABs STM32 Course Home Page □ Table of Contents And how to set up the timer module to operate in PWM mode and write a simple application to make an LED dimmer. You’ll get to know how the PWM signal is generated, how to control its frequency, duty cycle, and how to estimate the PWM resolution. In this tutorial, we’ll discuss the STM32 PWM generation using STM32 timer modules in the PWM mode.
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